Roman Legion Size report

Roman legionThe Roman legions were the regular army of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It conquered the Mediterranean coast with its efficient adaptability and mobility. Before Marius' reform, the Roman legions implemented a compulsory military service system, and the weapons and equipment were all self-provided, so the amount of property assessed the arms.

According to ancient historians Cary and Scarlard, the Roman army consisted mainly of Roman legions, beginning with the legendary reforms of king Servius Tullius. The term "legion" is derived from the Latin verb "legio," which means it is created out of wealth.

When the Roman Republic began, the number of legions increased, led by two consuls, each in charge of two legions. These are numbered I-IV. The number, organization, and selection of men have changed over time. Roman legions varied over time not only in number but also in size.

Roman Legion Size Guide

The Roman legion was the largest military unit of the Roman army in the period of the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC-AD 1453). One of the main reasons Rome became so powerful was because of the strength of its army. Rome conquered a vast empire that stretched from Britain to the Middle East. The army was very advanced for its time.

The army was very advanced for its time. The soldiers were the best trained; they had the best weapons and armor. The Roman Legion has changed its equipment and role over time, but it has remained a well-trained, professional war machine throughout Roman history. Soldiers underwent training common to all armies, from initial build-ups, weapons and weapons drills, formation marches, and tactical drills.

Roman Legionaries

Types of Roman Soldiers

Interestingly, only men could be in the Roman Army; no women were allowed. There were two main types of Roman soldiers: legionaries and auxiliaries. One is the Republican legionaries, and the other is auxiliaries for emergencies.

  • The legionaries were the elite soldiers. A legionary had to be over 17 years old and a Roman citizen. Every new recruit had to be a strong and healthy body; anyone who was weak or too short was rejected. And they signed up for at least 25 years' service.
  • An auxiliary was a soldier who was not a Roman citizen. Auxiliaries guarded forts and frontiers and fought in battles, often on the front lines where it was the most dangerous.

Basic Structure

The basic structure of the Roman Army is as follows:

  • Contubernium (tent group): consisted of 8 men.
  • Centuria (century): It was made up of 10 contubernium with a total of 80 men in a centurion.
  • Cohorts (cohort): It included 6 centuria or a total of 480 fighting men, not including officers. In addition, the first cohort was double strength but with only 5 centuria instead of the normal 6.
  • Legio (legion): consisted of 10 cohorts.

Roman Legion Size Changes

The size of a typical Roman legion varied throughout the history of ancient Rome. In the republican period of Rome, with complements of 4,200 legionaries and 300 equities drawn from the wealthier classes. The infantry was split into 10 cohorts, each of four maniples of 120 legionaries. And with 5,200 legionaries plus 120 auxiliaries in the imperial period, the army split into 10 cohorts, nine of 480 men each, plus the first cohort with 800 men.

legion

Final Words

The Roman Army was the largest and meanest fighting force in the ancient world. Complicating the issue of the size of the Roman legions is that there are others besides warriors in the centuries figures. There are large numbers of enslaved non-combatants and civilians, some armed and some not. Another complication is that there could be a double-sized first group in power. In addition to the corps, there are auxiliary forces and the navy, mainly non-citizens.


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